<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<item xmlns="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5" itemId="324" public="1" featured="0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5 http://omeka.org/schemas/omeka-xml/v5/omeka-xml-5-0.xsd" uri="https://www.baroque.dahvc.org/fall-2021/exhibits/show/bernini-and-the-unity-of-visua/item/324?output=omeka-xml" accessDate="2026-10-22T11:43:34+00:00">
  <fileContainer>
    <file fileId="418">
      <src>https://www.baroque.dahvc.org/fall-2021/files/original/Gian_Lorenzo_Bernini_-_Unity_of_the_Visual_Arts_/Bust_of_a_Nobleman_in_Armour/637509103040876898_T637509103041410503.jpg</src>
      <authentication>2e94b29944c54ec245294510ae3d5bd2</authentication>
    </file>
  </fileContainer>
  <collection collectionId="26">
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2997">
                <text>Gian Lorenzo Bernini - "Unity of the Visual Arts"&#13;
</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2998">
                <text>Meena Gudapati</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3064">
                <text>As a renowned sculptor, architect, and painter, Bernini fused all three media in several of his works. Art historian Irving Lavin published the book "Bernini and the Unity of Visual Arts" exploring in depth Bernini's synthesis of the media. Through my project, I will explore works of Bernini's to validate Lavin's widely known thesis. In addition to looking at works that more explicitly combine sculpture, architecture, and painting, I will look at individual works that show how Bernini looked beyond any norms and constraints of a medium. For example, through an analysis of his busts, we see how Bernini captured motion in a way that was previously restricted to paintings. Through this analysis of Bernini's more implicit methods of fusing media, I will endorse the term of Bernini's "Unity of Visual Arts".</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </collection>
  <elementSetContainer>
    <elementSet elementSetId="1">
      <name>Dublin Core</name>
      <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
      <elementContainer>
        <element elementId="50">
          <name>Title</name>
          <description>A name given to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3475">
              <text>Bust of a Nobleman in Armour</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="41">
          <name>Description</name>
          <description>An account of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3476">
              <text>Sculptor Giovacchino Fortini carved Bust of a Nobleman in Armour in 1700. The bust is done in white marble, and currently belongs to a private collection [1]. &#13;
&#13;
Fortini, a Florentine sculptor, was renowned for his busts that marked a design shift from the late Baroque period in Italy. His characteristic style of clean cut shadows and bright marble create an aura of sophistication to his work.&#13;
&#13;
In Bust of a Nobleman in Armour, the model wears elegant looking armor, complete with a medusa emblem and cloth draping diagonally. He wears a wig with symmetric curls resting around his head and shoulders. The nobleman, who appears to be an adult, carries a restful expression and looks out to the audience denoting his high stature and experience in a humble manner. His posture is completely upright.&#13;
&#13;
Fortini’s bust shows a more typical use of the medium during the renaissance and the Baroque periods [2]. The bust is used to show distinguished figures at rest as a preservation of their power and legacy in society. Comparing this bust to Bernini’s Damned Soul and Blessed Soul conveys how Bernini’s unconventional use of sculpture at the time show his ability to stay medium-agnostic while establishing his artistic lens.&#13;
&#13;
Bernini uses busts outside of their more conventional purpose as shown by Fortini. Instead of depicting a person of high stature at rest, he captures motion, tension, and uncertainty in Blessed Soul and Damned Soul. Departing from the typical upright composition, Bernini embraces rotation. Even in Bernini’s bust comissions, such as the bust of Cardinal Scipione Borghnese, he shows motion through slight tilts and rotations, folds in fabric, and expression as a vehicle for showing power, intelligence and legacy. He takes these dynamic traits that are seen in portraits like Caravaggio’s Boy with a Basket of Fruit and boldly brings them to busts. &#13;
&#13;
[1] “Bust of a Nobleman in Armour Giovacchino Fortini (1670 ...” The British Antique Dealers' Association. BADA. Accessed December 2, 2021. https://www.bada.org/object/bust-nobleman-armour-giovacchino-fortini-1670-1736.&#13;
&#13;
[2] Warwick, Genevieve. “Bernini (1598–1680): Sculpting Sainthood.” Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review 104, no. 416 (2015): 444–55. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24640794.</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="39">
          <name>Creator</name>
          <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3477">
              <text>Giovacchino Fortini</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="45">
          <name>Publisher</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3478">
              <text>BADA</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="40">
          <name>Date</name>
          <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3479">
              <text>1700</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="37">
          <name>Contributor</name>
          <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3480">
              <text>Meena Gudapati</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="42">
          <name>Format</name>
          <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3481">
              <text>81 cm</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="51">
          <name>Type</name>
          <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3482">
              <text>Bust</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="38">
          <name>Coverage</name>
          <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3483">
              <text>Private Collection, New York City, USA</text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
        <element elementId="48">
          <name>Source</name>
          <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
          <elementTextContainer>
            <elementText elementTextId="3484">
              <text>“Bust of a Nobleman in Armour Giovacchino Fortini (1670 ...” The British Antique Dealers' Association. BADA. Accessed December 2, 2021. https://www.bada.org/object/bust-nobleman-armour-giovacchino-fortini-1670-1736. </text>
            </elementText>
          </elementTextContainer>
        </element>
      </elementContainer>
    </elementSet>
  </elementSetContainer>
</item>
