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                <text>Bernini’s Medusa sculpture shows Medusa amidst her transformation into a monster. Bernini’s depiction here is again heavily depicted by Ovid’s Metamorphosis. According to Ovid, Medusa was punished by Athena for having an affair with Poseidon in her heavenly temple.&#13;
&#13;
Bernini aims to paint her in an emotional and in pathetic, moving fashion. These themes of sympathy and pain are commonly depicted in many of the counter-reformation works in this time especially when depicting Christian martyrs and Mary Magdalene. Bernini is translating this common manner of depicting emotionally-filled Christain stories within this mythological work.</text>
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                <text>Sofia Silvosa</text>
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                <text>Glennon, Madeleine. “Medusa in Ancient Greek Art.” In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2000–. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/medu/hd_medu.htm (March 2017).&#13;
&#13;
Lavin, Irving. "Bernini’s Bust of the Medusa: An Awful Pun." (2019).&#13;
&#13;
“Bernini's Medusa.” FAMSF, August 21, 2019. https://www.famsf.org/press-room/berninis-medusa.&#13;
&#13;
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                <text>“Medusa by Gian Lorenzo Bernini - Facts &amp;amp; History of the Sculpture.” Totally History, April 27, 2013. https://totallyhistory.com/medusa-gian-lorenzo-bernini/. </text>
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                <text>1630-1644</text>
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                <text>Sofia Silvosa</text>
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                <text>68 cm</text>
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                <text>The” Hermaphrodite” sculpture is one of Gian Lorenzo Bernini’s most famous restoration works. The figure radiates ambiguous seductiveness and intrigue. Hermaphroditus is shown sleeping down but different angles of the piece reveal the figure’s male and female genitalia </text>
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                <text>Gian Lorenzo Bernini</text>
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                <text>Kenseth, Joy. “Bernini’s Borghese Sculptures: Another View.” The Art Bulletin 63, no. 2 (1981): 191–210. https://doi.org/10.2307/3050112.&#13;
&#13;
Reid, Jane Davidson. The Oxford Guide to Classical Mythology in the Arts 1300-1990s. 1. Vol. 1. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1993&#13;
&#13;
Bacchi, Andrea, and Anna Coliva. Bernini. Milano: Officina Libraria srl, 2017.</text>
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                <text>Scipione Borghese</text>
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                <text>Sofia Silvosa</text>
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                <text>169 cm (67 in)</text>
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                <text>Louvre, Paris, France</text>
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                <text>The Aeneas, Anchises, and Ascanius sculpture was the first large modern sculpture to be exhibited at Borghese villa. The sculpture depicts a classic visual from the stories of the Trojan War. It shows Aeneas, the founder of Rome, leading his family from the burning city of Troy. Aeneas carries his father Anchises on his back and his young son Ascanius follows them from behind. The story is drawn most notably from Virgil’s “Aeneid.”</text>
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                <text>Mangone, Carolina. "Like Father, Like Son: Bernini's Filial Imitation of Michelangelo." art history 37, no. 4 (2014): 666-687.&#13;
&#13;
Wittkower, Rudolf. Gian Lorenzo Bernini: The Sculptor of the Roman Baroque. London: The Phaidon Press, 1966&#13;
&#13;
Bernini, Author: Gian Lorenzo. “Aeneas, Anchises, and Ascanius by Bernini in Borghese Gallery.” Galerie Borghèse. Borghese Gallery, August 2, 2019.</text>
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Bernini, Author: Gian Lorenzo. “Aeneas, Anchises, and Ascanius by Bernini in Borghese Gallery.” Galerie Borghèse. Borghese Gallery, August 2, 2019.</text>
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                <text>1618-1619</text>
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                <text>Borghese Gallery and Museum, Rome, Italy</text>
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                <text>Three different black and white pictures of Bernini's "Apollo and Daphne" sculpture. Bernini’s life-sized marble sculpture of “Apollo and Daphne” is regarded as one of his most powerful and emotional works. The work was commissioned in 1622 by Cardinal Scipione Borghese and was initially placed in his villa.</text>
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                <text>Sofia Silvosa</text>
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                <text>Wilkins, Ann Thomas. “Bernini and Ovid: Expanding the Concept of Metamorphosis.” International Journal of the Classical Tradition 6, no. 3 (2000): 383–408.&#13;
&#13;
Reid, Jane Davidson. The Oxford Guide to Classical Mythology in the Arts 1300-1990s. 1. Vol. 1. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1993.&#13;
&#13;
Bacchi, Andrea, and Anna Coliva. Bernini. Milano: Officina Libraria srl, 2017.</text>
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                <text>Galleria Borghese in Rome</text>
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                  <text>A collection of Italian Baroque ceiling frescoes demonstrating emerging techniques for painted illusion, such as di sotto in sù and quadratura.</text>
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                  <text>Enggass, Robert. “Bernini, Gaulli, and the Frescoes of the Gesù.” The Art Bulletin 39, no. 4 (1957): 303–5. https://doi.org/10.2307/3047734.&#13;
&#13;
"Illusionism." Grove Art Online. 2003; Accessed 13 Oct. 2021. https://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000039956.&#13;
&#13;
Lavergnee, Arnauld Brejon de. "The great illusionists." UNESCO Courier, September 1987, 30+. Gale OneFile: CPI.Q (accessed October 12, 2021). https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A6133957/CPI?u=duke_perkins&amp;sid=summon&amp;xid=e32d1bb3.&#13;
&#13;
Wheeler, Katherine. “Fictive and Real Architecture: A Preliminary Drawing for Andrea Pozzo’s Vault Fresco at Sant’Ignazio, Rome.” Thresholds, no. 28 (2005): 100–153. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43876210.</text>
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                <text>Tibaldi, Pellegrino, 1527-1596. 1554-5. Bologna: Palozzo Poggi Sale d'Ullisse Sun: det.. https://library.artstor.org/asset/ARTSTOR_103_41822000634178.</text>
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&#13;
"Illusionism." Grove Art Online. 2003; Accessed 13 Oct. 2021. https://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000039956.&#13;
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Lavergnee, Arnauld Brejon de. "The great illusionists." UNESCO Courier, September 1987, 30+. Gale OneFile: CPI.Q (accessed October 12, 2021). https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A6133957/CPI?u=duke_perkins&amp;sid=summon&amp;xid=e32d1bb3.&#13;
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Wheeler, Katherine. “Fictive and Real Architecture: A Preliminary Drawing for Andrea Pozzo’s Vault Fresco at Sant’Ignazio, Rome.” Thresholds, no. 28 (2005): 100–153. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43876210.</text>
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&#13;
His marble sculptures are his most celebrated works with groundbreaking biblical works like the “David” and “The Ecstacy of St. Theresa.” However, many of his most renowned sculptures, which encompass an earlier point in his career, include his mythological sculptures. Many of these sculptures depicted Green and Roman myths. During the baroque period, alongside several biblical works, we see a large number of mythological artworks– a continuity from the Renaissance period. Bernini’s works are no exception. His mythological sculptures are famous for their dynamic composition and emotional storytelling. Bernini was heavily inspired by many of the myths included in Ovid’s Metamorphoses. &#13;
&#13;
This collection explores ten notable mythological sculptures by Bernini and tackles to understand why Bernini was so intrigued by these myths and how he was able to communicate these myths through sculpture. Furthermore, on a broader scale, this collection will also explore the use of mythology in the Counter-Reformation period and its place in Baroque art.</text>
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                  <text>Wilkins, Ann Thomas. “Bernini and Ovid: Expanding the Concept of Metamorphosis.” International Journal of the Classical Tradition 6, no. 3 (2000): 383–408. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30222585.&#13;
&#13;
Bacchi, Andrea, and Anna Coliva. Bernini. Milano: Officina Libraria srl, 2017.&#13;
&#13;
Reid, Jane Davidson. The Oxford Guide to Classical Mythology in the Arts 1300-1990s. 1. Vol. 1. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1993.&#13;
&#13;
Strunck, Christina. "The poisoned present. A new reading of Gianlorenzo Bernini's Rape of Proserpina." (2014): 185-201.&#13;
&#13;
Dickerson, Claude Douglas, Anthony Sigel, Ian Wardropper, Andrea Bacchi, Tomaso Montanari, Steven F. Ostrow, and A. Lawrence Jenkens. Bernini: Sculpting in Clay. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2012.&#13;
&#13;
Victoria and Albert Museum, Online Museum. “Bernini's Neptune and Triton.” 'Neptune and Triton' by Gianlorenzo Bernini. Victoria and Albert Museum, Cromwell Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2RL. Telephone +44 (0)20 7942 2000. Email vanda@vam.ac.uk, August 22, 2013. http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/n/berninis-neptune-and-triton/&#13;
&#13;
Collier, William. “New Light on Bernini’s Neptune and Triton.” Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 31 (1968): 438–40. https://doi.org/10.2307/750654.</text>
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                <text>“A Faun Teased by Children” is one of Bernini’s earliest works. The artist completed this work in 1616 when he was about eighteen years old. Bernini completed this small yet masterful sculpture under the supervision of his father</text>
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                <text>Wittkower, Rudolf. Gian Lorenzo Bernini: The Sculptor of the Roman Baroque. London: The Phaidon Press, 1966.&#13;
&#13;
Wilkins, Ann Thomas. “Bernini and Ovid: Expanding the Concept of Metamorphosis.” International Journal of the Classical Tradition 6, no. 3 (2000): 383–408.&#13;
&#13;
Reid, Jane Davidson. The Oxford Guide to Classical Mythology in the Arts 1300-1990s. 1. Vol. 1. New York: Oxford Univ. Press, 1993.</text>
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&#13;
"Illusionism." Grove Art Online. 2003; Accessed 13 Oct. 2021. https://www.oxfordartonline.com/groveart/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000039956.&#13;
&#13;
Lavergnee, Arnauld Brejon de. "The great illusionists." UNESCO Courier, September 1987, 30+. Gale OneFile: CPI.Q (accessed October 12, 2021). https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A6133957/CPI?u=duke_perkins&amp;sid=summon&amp;xid=e32d1bb3.&#13;
&#13;
Wheeler, Katherine. “Fictive and Real Architecture: A Preliminary Drawing for Andrea Pozzo’s Vault Fresco at Sant’Ignazio, Rome.” Thresholds, no. 28 (2005): 100–153. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43876210.</text>
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